Tornados, tropical cyclones, earthquakes, blizzards, lightning, and floods are all types of ________ disasters

In which of the following situations is being first to initiate a particular move not likely to result in a positive payoff?

a. when potential buyers are skeptical about the benefits of a new technology or product being pioneered by a first mover b. when pioneering helps build up a firm's image and reputation with buyers c. when first-time buyers remain strongly loyal to a pioneering firm in making repeat purchases d. when moving first can constitute a preemptive strike, making imitation extra hard or unlikely e. when moving first can result in a cost advantage over rivals

Key success factors for market penetration and obtaining sufficient market reach and scale depend on all of the following, EXCEPT:

A. creating new market space as a first mover B. looking to compete as a new entrant in a new geographic location C. looking to compete as a new entrant in an existing market D. launching a product line extension E. leveraging existing market competencies