Mike and Elizabeth have a new baby. If you wanted to see what she will be like as an adult, where might you focus your attention?
A) Examine the frequency of interactions between the parents and the child.
B) Observe Mike and Elizabeth's basic personalities.
C) Look at the friends she makes growing up and their respective personalities.
D) Wait until the baby has a sibling and look at the various activities they engage in together.
Answer: B
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Regarding the psychological causes of anxiety disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?
a. Psychologists who take a cognitive view believe that distorted thinking causes people to magnify ordinary threats and failures, which leads to distress and anxiety. b. Humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers believed that anxious individuals have built up unrealistic, mental images of themselves. c. A behaviorist would explain that the powerful reward of immediate relief from anxiety keeps self-defeating avoidance behaviors alive. d. Psychologists who take an existential view emphasize that unhealthy anxiety is caused by forbidden id impulses for sex or aggression that threaten to break through into behavior.
In explaining anxiety-related disorders, which psychological theories emphasize subjective experience, human problems, and personal potentials?
a. humanistic theories b. behavioral theories c. cognitive theories d. psychodynamic theories