When Alison, a college math professor, leaves her job at a small rural college and starts looking for a job at a large urban university, she is _____.

One of your classmates asserts that advertising, marketing research, and brand management are redundant expenditures because a firm can obtain the same information by simply looking at what customers are already buying

Which of the following is not a response you might offer her? A) If a firm successfully manages its brand, customers become less price sensitive as they perceive fewer substitutes for the firm's brand. B) Advertising and brand management allow a firm to create an entry barrier which will insulate the firm from competition and from undertaking further product innovations. C) Conducting market research is a good way for firms to keep abreast of changing consumer tastes and preferences. D) Marketing research could allow a firm to identify new market opportunities and at least, in the short run, a firm can make a profit supplying products to this market segment.

Suppose that research shows that by buying stocks issued by companies whose names begin with the letter G investors can earn above-normal returns in even-numbered years. From the perspective of the efficient markets hypothesis,

A) this is further evidence that the hypothesis is correct. B) this would be considered a pricing anomaly. C) investors must have insider information on these companies. D) purchasers of these stocks must have been noise traders.