Consider the advantages and disadvantages of using an in-person survey, compared to a self-administered survey and a telephone survey.
What will be an ideal response?
In-person interview advantages--response rates are higher than with any other survey design; questionnaires can be complex, with both open-ended and closed-ended questions and frequent branching patterns, the order in which questions are read and answered can be controlled by the interviewer, the physical and social circumstances of the interview can be monitored, and respondents' interpretations of questions can be probed and clarified; in-person interview disadvantages--special hazards due to the presence of an interviewer, more expensive, and trained staff needed to do the interviews; self-administered survey advantages--cheaper and can reach more people within the population; self-administered survey disadvantages--low response rate and the hazard of incomplete response (skipping questions); telephone survey advantages--cheaper and can reach more people than in-depth interviews; telephone survey disadvantages--may not be reaching the proper sampling units and not getting enough complete responses to make the results generalizable.
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______________ was the Soviet leader who actions played a major role in ending the Cold War.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Professor Charles Lindblom in the 1950s described the domestic policymaking process as the “science of muddling through.” What was meant by this statement?
a. Officials must often resort to incremental and haphazard breakthroughs when creating policies. b. Creating confusion can be intentional, and some make it as complicated as possible. c. Muddling implies confusion, but often what appears to be muddling is intentional tactics designed to stall progress. d. Legislators rarely do anything intentionally. e. Muddling implies that something is actually pretty simple, thus creating public policy is not as difficult as some claim.