The percentage of television sets currently in use that are tuned in to a given program is that show's

The idea of the text is ambiguous

a. because while the signifiers that constitute a text exist objectively, the signifieds or meanings of those signifiers change across time and setting. b. because the meaning of a text can be different for producers and for individual viewers. c. because what people actually see and hear when they encounter a text varies, depending on which codes they use to read the text. d. because different sets of viewers of the same program may ‘see" very different shows. e. All of the above.

Several theories have been advanced in an attempt to explain how arousal can lead to compliance. Which theory claims that compliance occurs simply to end the discomfort caused by arousal?

a. demand theory b. arousal-labeling theory c. arousal-expectancy theory d. expectancy violations theory