Why is it difficult to measure stress by means of a questionnaire?
What will be an ideal response?
First, it is doubtful that many small stressors add to the same effect as one large stressor. Second, many questionnaire items are ambiguous. (For example, what counts or doesn't count as "change in the health of a family member"?) Third, a given event can be more stressful for one person than for another, depending on each person's age, wealth, and other circumstances. Fourth, the stress of personal rejection seems to be special in its probability of provoking health problems. Fifth, reactions to stress depend on how many good things ("uplifts") are happening in life.
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Carlos saw a horse in a pasture. The image he has of the horse in his visual working
memory a. is just like a photograph of the horse. b. is a combination of his version of a prototypical horse and the specific details of this particular horse. c. lacks the specific details of this particular horse. d. is limited by his ability to encode the image of this particular horse in precise words. e. is essentially the same image that his phonological short-term memory contains.
In an experiment designed to investigate memory processes, one group of participants was given special instructions and asked to create mental pictures of each item on a list of items to be remembered. Another group of participants was given the same list but received no special instructions about how to remember the items. In this study, the experimental group is:
a. the participants who received the special instructions b. the participants who received no special instructions c. the participants who remembered the fewest items d. all the participants in the study