After age 35, women tend to have

In behavioral self-management, the activity you want to change is called the

a. goal gradient. b. baseline. c. primary reinforcer. d. target behavior.

Research indicates that people will sometimes choose to suffer as a result of simply expecting to suffer—but only if ____

a. they have a reward system in place but have not given much thought to the upcoming prospect of suffering b. they have low self-esteem c. they have coped with the expectation of suffering by thinking about it and changed relevant beliefs and attitudes d. they have not yet thought about the upcoming suffering