The activation-synthesis theory of dreaming asserts that ________
a. the purpose of dreaming is to express unconscious wishes, thoughts, and conflicts.
b. there is no purpose to dreaming; dreams occur because of random brainstem signals.
c. the purpose of dreaming is to resolve current concerns and problems.
d. dreaming is a byproduct of a process of eliminating or strengthening neural connections.
Answer: b
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How does classical conditioning explain the higher risk of overdosing on a drug when taken at a typical amount but in a new environment?
a. Extinction to commonly-taken drugs is relatively quick. b. Second-order conditioning means the effects of the drug will be felt more strongly. c. Generalization doesn’t work with drugs. d. The body’s tolerance mechanisms are not conditioned to the new environment.
Less money is raised for lung cancer research than many other types of cancer, partly because smokers are blamed for developing lung cancer. This viewpoint reflects which of the following?
A. just world hypothesis B. principle of noncommon effects C. external attribution D. covariation model of attribution