Infant memory is enhanced if
a. enabling relations are present
b. the information to be remembered involves arbitrary relations
c. the information to be remembered is not repeated too frequently
d. verbal labels and cues are not used
A
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While searching through old records of patients at the mental hospital you come across one with a notation "Lobotomy performed on 2/3/52." Because you are not sure what this means, you ask the staff. What are they likely to tell you?
a. The patient had to be tied to the bed to reduce violent outbursts. b. Repeated electroconvulsive treatments were required to reduce the patient's stupor. c. A surgical procedure cut nerve tracts between the frontal lobes and the rest of the brain. d. As a last resort, the patient's stomach was pumped and his blood was purified in order to remove potentially harmful substances.
Analogy: Negative reinforcement is to punishment as _______ is to _______
a. presenting; withdrawing b. withdrawing; presenting c. aversive; pleasant d. give; take