In a model with money neutrality, how much should the money supply be increased to obtain a 1% increase in real output?

The credibility theory of the EMS implies in effect that the political costs of violating international exchange rate agreements

A) cannot restrain governments from depreciating their currency. B) can restrain governments from depreciating their currency. C) cannot restrain governments from depreciating their currency in the short run. D) cannot restrain governments from depreciating their currency in the long run. E) can control the political policies of member nations.

Individuals who lease a new car

A) have a higher discount rate than those who buy. B) have a lower discount rate than those who buy. C) have the same discount rate as those who buy. D) behave irrationally and are taken advantage of by car companies.