Which of the following statements about audit evidence is true?
a. To be appropriate, audit evidence should be either persuasive or relevant but need not be both
b. The sufficiency and appropriateness of audit evidence is a matter of professional judgment
c. The difficulty and expense of obtaining audit evidence about an account balance is a valid basis for omitting the test
d. A client's accounting records can be sufficient audit evidence to support the financial statements
Ans: b. The sufficiency and appropriateness of audit evidence is a matter of professional judgment
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A switch from straight-line to accelerated depreciation would
Barbara Simpson is a sell-side analyst with Smith Riccardi Securities. Simpson covers the pharmaceutical industry. One of the companies she follows, Bayonne Pharma, is evaluating a regional distribution center. The financial predictions for the project are as follows: Fixed capital outlay is h1.50 billion. Investment in net working capital is h0.40 billion. Straight-line depreciation is over a six-year period with zero salvage value. Project life is 12 years. Additional annual revenues are h0.10 billion. Annual cash operating expenses are reduced by h0.25 billion. The capital equipment is sold for h0.50 billion in 12 years. Tax rate is 40 percent. Required rate of return is 12 percent. 24 Learning Outcomes, Summary Overview, and Problems part-i-02 13 January 2012; 10:13:23 Simpson is evaluating this investment to see whether it has the potential to affect Bayonne Pharma’s stock price. Simpson estimates the NPV of the project to be h0.41 billion, which should increase the value of the company. Simpson is evaluating the effects of other changes to her capital budgeting assumptions. She wants to know the effect of a switch from straight-line to accelerated depreciation on the company’s operating income and the project’s NPV. She also believes that the initial outlay might be much smaller than initially assumed. Specifically, she thinks the outlay for fixed capital might be h0.24 billion lower, with no change in salvage value. When reviewing her work, Simpson’s supervisor provides the following comments. “I note that you are relying heavily on the NPV approach to valuing the investment decision. I don’t think you should use an IRR because of the multiple IRR problem that is likely to arise with the Bayonne Pharma project. However, the equivalent annual annuity would be a more appropriate measure to use for the project than the NPV. I suggest that you compute an EAA.” A. increase the NPV and decrease the first year operating income after taxes. B. increase the first year operating income after taxes and decrease the NPV. C. increase both the NPV and first year operating income after taxes.
Under which of the following circumstances in the public sector is an employer allowed to take unilateral action?
a. The employer is unable to meet the financial demands of the union due to insufficient profits. b. The employer proves that the union has demonstrated bad faith bargaining. c. The union and the management are unable to reach an agreement after negotiating for a week. d. The union declares an impasse and declines the employer's offer to meet again.