Hannah's therapist uses a directive approach in which he draws attention to Hannah's posture, voice, and gestures in order to help her become more aware of her perceptions and feelings in the "here and now." Hannah's therapist appears to be a(n) _______ therapist.

Recall that Latané and Darley observed the number of participants in each experimental condition who left their cubicles to help the alleged victim of a seizure. The ________ was the independent variable in their experiment

a. severity of the seizure b. number of other participants present c. personal problems discussed d. number of participants who helped

What criticism of all three of the preceding explanations might a psychological scientist make?

What will be an ideal response?