Qualitative interviewers keep field notes and a reflexive journal to ensure the trustworthiness of their research

Which of the following is NOT one of the basic qualifications required of all broadcast license applicants?

a. Applicants must be of good character—as measured by a lack of serious legal violations in one's past. b. Applicants must show that their stations will comply with FCC technical standards. c. Applicants must be U.S. citizens. d. Applicants must submit a detailed programming plan and formal "ascertainment" findings.

Which of the following is not necessary for an effective apology?

A. An expression of wrong-doing B. Promises of not engaging in the offensive behavior again C. Acknowledgement of responsibility D. Expression of regret or remorse E. Awareness of harm resulting from one's actions