Which person would have the greatest need to rely on semantic memory?

Sometimes, researchers actually try to reduce _________ validity by obscuring the true purpose of a measure

a. construct b. convergent c. discriminant d. face

According to the discussion of gender comparisons in verbal ability, a meta-analysis reported an effect size of 0.11 . From this information, you can conclude that

a. 11% of the studies reported a significant gender difference. b. the effect size is so low that the researchers' expectations must have influenced the results. c. most studies reported significant gender differences, although the size of the gender difference was small. d. in general, males and females do not differ in their verbal ability.