A researcher examining the effects of sex and types of humor presented on commercials on purchase likelihood shows programming with commercials with three different types of humor. Participants view the programming and commercials in groups of 15. The researcher observes that participants’ laughter is contagious. That is, if one person laughs, others seem to join the laughter. What potential

threat to internal validity has the researcher just observed?

a. Experimenter effect
b. The Hawthorne effect
c. Testing effect
d. Intersubject bias

Answer d,

Communication & Mass Media

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The "stunts" that are often carried out by PR personnel to achieve the ultimate goal of enhancing revenues are called

a. pseudoevents. b. brainstormings. c. junkets. d. gatekeepings.

Communication & Mass Media

The speed (words per minute) at which most people can think is

called a. decoding speed. b. cognitive speed. c. thought speed. d. speed productivity. e. unsafe at any speed.

Communication & Mass Media