Random assignment of participants requires that _____
a. every person selected for the experiment has an equal chance of being assigned to any
one of the treatment groups
b. the selection of one person to participate in the experiment is independent of the
selection of any other person
c. all members of a population have an equal chance of being selected to participate in
the experiment
d. all the above
A
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The tendency of people to comply with a second, larger request after complying with a first, small request is called the ______ effect
a. lowball b. foot-in-the-door c. door-in-the-face d. response cue
Recently your friend Martha took her sons to a hands-on children's museum. Martha noticed that her 8-year-old son and her 12-year-old son interacted with some of the displays in very different ways
One display involved opening doors to safes by determining the correct combination. Each safe had three, four, or five buttons that had to be pressed in a particular order to open the door. Martha's 8-year-old son randomly pushed the buttons and never found the correct combinations to any of the safes. Martha's 12-year-old son approached the task in a very systematic manner — trying all possible combinations of buttons until the doors opened. Now Martha is concerned that there is something wrong with her younger son. What can you tell Martha about the differences in concrete operational and formal operational thought that might explain her sons' behavior? What will be an ideal response?