When researchers showed students a series of computer-generated, fairly sex-neutral faces with a range of expressions morphing from angry to happy, the students consistently rated the angry faces as:
a. male.
b. female.
c. the opposite of the student's own gender.
d. the same as the student's own gender.
A
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Which of the following conclusions about expressed emotion (EE) is most accurate?
a. EE is a significant cause of schizophrenia. b. EE is a poor predictor of relapse in schizophrenic patients. c. EE is a better predictor of outcome for mood and eating disorders than it is for schizophrenia. d. EE is a significant cause of both schizophrenia and mood disorders.
_____ removes the effects of an aversive stimulus, whereas _____ removes the possibility of an aversive stimulus from occurring in the first place
a. Partial reinforcement; punishment b. Positive reinforcement; positive punishment c. Negative reinforcement; negative punishment d. Escape learning; avoidance learning