A priori comparisons, comparing only means for which specific differences are predicted by the research hypothesis, are also called

Which of the following typically happens to crystallized intelligence as healthy adults age?

A) Crystallized intelligence peaks at middle age and then declines. B) Crystallized intelligence is slowly replaced by fluid intelligence. C) Crystallized intelligence remains stable or increases with experience. D) Crystallized intelligence steadily declines throughout the lifespan.

__________ involves creating child-rearing environments that recognize each child's temperament while simultaneously encouraging more adaptive functioning

A) Goodness of fit B) Social referencing C) Emotional self-regulation D) Effortful control