What was the primary reason for the formation of the Association for Psychological Science (APS) in 1988?
a. Several members of the American Psychological Association felt that the APA had allowed too many international members into the organization, so the APS was formed specifically for North American psychologists to join.
b. The American Psychological Association was primarily geared toward clinical psychologists, so the APS was geared toward more science- and research-focused psychologists.
c. Because the American Psychological Association had grown so large, it began charging yearly membership dues that some members resented. The APS was formed as a "free membership" professional organization.
d. The American Psychological Association began lobbying politicians for specific social reforms, and some members felt that this was counter to the goals of the association. They formed the APS as a "political neutral ground" where science would not have to do battle with politics.
Answer: B
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