In the Regents of theUniversity of California v. Bakke (1978) case, the U.S. Supreme Court:
A. invalidated all affirmative action programs nationwide, deeming them unconstitutional.
B. ruled that race cannot be the sole factor for deciding university admissions.
C. ruled that the Constitution guarantees a right to same-sex marriage in every state.
D. ruled that every organization should set up affirmative programs.
E. stated that discriminatory laws must be narrowly tailored to meet a compelling government interest.
Answer: B
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A) Is identical to the experimental group in all ways. B) Is different from the experimental group on all variables except the dependent variable. C) Has more participants than the experimental group. D) Is identical to the experimental group on all variables except the independent variable.
Minor or third parties in the American political system
a. generally persist and become institutionalized forces. b. usually disappear soon after contesting one or two national elections. c. are never permitted on state ballots. d. develop into major parties soon after their establishment. e. are highly competitive with the two major parties in local elections.