The ideal control group in differential research
A) Is identical to the experimental group in all ways.
B) Is different from the experimental group on all variables except the dependent variable.
C) Has more participants than the experimental group.
D) Is identical to the experimental group on all variables except the independent variable.
Answer: D
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If a researcher suspects that treatment may be effective for some participants and it may not be effective for other participants, using between-subjects group comparison designs
A) may obscure the effect by averaging the scores of the individuals in the group. B) will allow the researcher to determine the effect of treatment on the individual as well as the group. C) will allow the researcher to determine the effect of treatment on the individual, but will obscure the effect on the group. D) is unethical because there may be participants who are not cured.
If a between-subjects, group comparison design was used to evaluate a treatment in which some participants in the experimental group improved, some remained the same, and some became worse, the researcher would most likely conclude
A) the treatment is effective. B) the treatment is not effective. C) the treatment is more effective for the control group than for the experimental group. D) there is a significant difference between the experimental and control groups.