Proponents of same-sex marriage argue that laws barring same-sex marriage violate the __________ Amendment of the Constitution

Gitlowv. New York, in which the Supreme Court held that freedom of speech and of the press are fundamental liberties protected by the Fourteenth Amendment from impairment by the states, began the development of the __________ doctrine

a. eminent domain b. free exercise c. establishment d. incorporation

What counterarguments do proponents of animal research make in justifying their work?

What will be an ideal response?