To demonstrate your __________, show your listeners that you are knowledgeable and thoroughly familiar with your topic

Which question is the speaker addressing when deciding whether to rely on the primacy effect or the

recency effect? A) Should my most entertaining example be in my introduction or my conclusion? B) Should my strongest ideas come first or last in my speech? C) How independent are my main ideas? D) Should the audience participate at the beginning of the speech or at the end? E) How many days before the speech should I start writing my outline?

Elton snapped at a waitress when she delivered the wrong entrée. He attributed this negative behavior to the waitress’s mistake, an external cause, rather than to his own personality. This is an example of _____

a. overattribution b. cognitive representation c. labeling d. self-serving bias