The process of changing or reinforcing attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior is called _____.

Dillon narrowed his speech topic on sports by looking around his environment, reading through local papers and magazines, browsing the Internet, and thinking about his experiences in a process known as

a. brainstorming. b. free association. c. conceptualizing. d. topic visualization.

Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)

1. Articulation involves the use of our tongue, lips, teeth, palate, and jaw to shape the sounds we make into words. 2. Speakers use filled pauses more when they are self-conscious than when they are not. 3. Research indicates that speakers who are searching for a word that is on the “tip-of-their-tongue” are more likely to come up with the word when they gesture with both hands than when they gesture with only one hand. 4. The results of one study reported in the text suggest that iconic gestures reveal the thoughts of a speaker that are not expressed in a speaker’s words. 5. One study reported in the text suggests that the more our speech contains concrete words, the more we use iconic gestures.