How many distractors does this item contain?

Whats your social security number?" the insurance provider on the phone asks Renee. "one, six, four,..." Renee begins. After a brief pause, she continues, "seventy-two... sixteen thirty-eight." To ease the burden on the insurance associate's short term memory, Renee is giving the number in ___, rather than as individual numbers.

a) nuggets b) clumps c) clusters d) chunks

In the process of shaping, behaviors are ordered in terms of increasing similarity to the desired response. These behaviors are called _____________

a) primary reinforcers b) successive approximations c) secondary reinforcers d) unconditioned stimuli