In the process of shaping, behaviors are ordered in terms of increasing similarity to the desired response. These behaviors are called _____________

Melissa has a tendency to categorize everything that happens to her as being either terrible or wonderful, with nothing in between. Melissa engages in which cognitive distortion?

a) Dichotomous thinking b) Minimization c) Personalization d) Selective abstraction

There appears to be a relationship between hair color and pain

tolerance; specifically, people with red hair appear to have a lower pain threshold than other people. When interpreting this relationship, which principle of critical thinking do we need to be particularly sensitive to? A) Replicability B) Falsifiability C) Correlation vs. causation D) Ruling out rival hypotheses