_____ refers to the properties of a person that determine his or her classification as male or female.

Victor has suffered from a substance-related disorder for many years, and has finally decided to seek treatment to kick his habit. As part of his counseling, Victor and his therapist select the behaviors that are unhealthy and need to change, and decide on what rewards Victor will earn by making those changes. Their plan is very clear and very simple, and there is no room for misinterpretation. Victor and his counselor are employing ________ as part of his treatment.

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).

The ability to distinguish theory from evidence and use logical rules to examine their relationship

A) improves steadily from childhood into adolescence. B) slowly declines as adolescents move into adulthood. C) is unrelated to years of formal schooling. D) develops in early childhood.