Stephanie has learned that if she cries after being put to bed, her parents will often return and pick her up. Crying is a(n) ____.?

________ refers to the dissonance aroused after we have chosen between two or more alternatives

a. Justification of effort b. Postdecision dissonance c. Insufficient justification d. Decisional regret

J. B. Watson suggested that people learn phobias by pairing a stimulus with an unpleasant experience. What is a weakness of that hypothesis? a. Phobias are more common in some cultures than in others

b. Many people have phobias about objects that have never hurt them. c. Evidence demonstrates that most phobias are inherited. d. Avoidance learning is acquired slowly and extinguished rapidly.