In a reflex arc, the coordination between contraction of certain muscles and relaxation of others is mediated by ____

Suppose that a friend tells you that her introductory psychology textbook says you should study for a test in the same room where you will take the test, because of the effects of context. Your most informed response would be:

a. "Yes, that's true, as long as you emphasize the physical characteristics of the material you are studying." b. "Yes, that's true; context provides the most helpful cues for prompting memory." c. "No, that's not true; researchers have found no convincing evidence for encoding specificity." d. "Well, it can sometimes be helpful to have the same context for studying and for recall, but the effect is not very strong."

Recall that researchers asked some students on the way to a field house shower to sign a petition advocating water conservation, others to report on their water use, and others to do both. Those who both reported their water use and signed the petition took shorter showers than those students in the other two conditions because

a. the intervention took too long and they had to hurry. b. they were reminded that they were not practicing what they preached. c. they became more aware of how much water they used. d. they made a public commitment to conserve water.