Recall that researchers asked some students on the way to a field house shower to sign a petition advocating water conservation, others to report on their water use, and others to do both. Those who both reported their water use and signed the petition took shorter showers than those students in the other two conditions because
a. the intervention took too long and they had to hurry.
b. they were reminded that they were not practicing what they preached.
c. they became more aware of how much water they used.
d. they made a public commitment to conserve water.
Answer: B
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Which of the following is true of token economies?
A) Token economies work best when conditioning behavior over short periods of time. B) Token economies work effectively when transferring behaviors learned in an institutional setting to the outside world. Incorrect. Some research has found that this is the opposite of reality; in fact, some behaviors learned in an institutional setting do not effectively transfer to the outside world. C) Token economies have proven to be ineffective when used with those suffering from mental illness. D) Token economies have proven to be effective in conditioning behavior in hospitals, group homes, and juvenile detention centers. Correct. These are all settings where a token economy has proven to be effective.
Mahori was strapped to his mother's back for the first year of his life. Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY?
a. He will have some muscle atrophy that will cause him to be delayed in walking by a few years. b. Mahori's motor development will be similar to an American child if they are compared during kindergarten. c. The sequence of his motor development will be the same as that of babies in cultures where walking during infancy is actively encouraged. d. Both genes and environment play a role in his motor development.