Researchers use ______ to make generalizations about the population from which their participants come.

The term "reinforcer" refers to any condition that ________ a response

a. precedes and causes b. strengthens or weakens c. weakens or eliminates d. follows and strengthens e. causes or eliminates

At a beauty pageant, none of the five judges can agree with each other about who should win. The pageant rating system is low in

a. validity. b. selective attrition. c. interrater reliability. d. temporal stability.