Name and discuss the four major kinds of consequences that function in the process of operant conditioning
What will be an ideal response?
The student should name positive and negative reinforcement and positive and negative punishment. The student should mention that reinforcement follows and strengthens a response, whereas punishment follows and weakens a response. The student should note that "positive" involves adding something (in the case of reinforcement it is usually something desired, whereas in punishment it is usually something aversive), whereas "negative" involves removing something (in the case of reinforcement it is usually something aversive, whereas in punishment it is usually something desired).
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Melton's work on the Lag Effect demonstrated that
a. learning increases when a greater number of words separates the presentation of two words to be remembered. b. learning decreases when a greater number of words separates the presentation of two words to be remembered. c. massed practice improves recall of new words. d. distributed practice improves recall of new words.
In the Cann and Donderi study on Jungian personality typology and the recall of dreams, it was found that:
a. intuitives recalled fewer archetypal dreams than feeling types b. highly neurotic individuals recalled fewer archetypal dreams than individuals low in neuroticism c. introverts recalled fewer everyday dreams than extraverts d. intuitives recalled fewer archetypal dreams than sensing types