Steps in the basic management planning process include setting objectives, reviewing alternative courses of action, and evaluating which options are best

___ are approaches that an organization that acts on its own uses to change some aspect of its current environment.

A. Flexible processes B. Forecasting methods C. Independent strategies D. Benchmarking procedures E. Buffering techniques

Advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, and public relations are all tools within the ________ element of the marketing mix

A) product B) promotion C) publicity D) people E) process