Australia was the first country to adopt the secret ballot in 1857

If you wanted to test the hypothesis that increases in

self-expression values undermine support for authoritarian regimes, you could operationally define your independent variable using: a. data on level of democracy. b. data on level of authoritarianism. c. survey data on levels of generalized trust in countries. d. survey data on pride in one's country.

Which of the following is an ethical check that should be employed in a study with human participants?

A) The design is sufficient to provide valuable information. B) Only fit and coherent participants are used. C) Additional knowledge is gained despite ethical difficulties. D) The research follows the tradition of early philosophers and scientists.