When an experiment is designed and conducted properly, cause-and-effect can be determined because
A) the independent variable fluctuates randomly, while the dependent variable is held
constant.
B) random assignment to groups insures that participants will systematically be different.
C) the only systematic difference between groups is due to manipulation of the independent
variable.
D) participants in all conditions are treated exactly alike except for manipulation of the
dependent variable.
C
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Which of the following have educators suggested as a strategy for increasing the stage-environment fit for middle and junior high school students?
A) Schedule regular advisory sessions for teachers to know individual students better. B) Encourage students to pursue performance-oriented goals in the classroom. C) Ask teachers to use individual assessments of students' abilities rather than group work. D) Give educators more control of the classroom decisions.
Scotomas are normally identified and characterized by a __________ test
Fill in the blank with the appropriate word.