Which stage is missing from this vocal warm-up list: Releasing, Rooting Sound, Shaping Sound, Precision?

Van Gogh's Portrait of Dr. Gachet featured ____ to show the artist's state of mind

a. thick paint b. soft pastel colors c. lack of forms d. tears

Which kind of art must communicate exclusively through formal means, such as line, shape, color, and texture?

a. realist
b. nonrepresentational
c. abstract
d. intuitive