Multiple-choice, matching, and true/false questions are all examples of __________ test items

Tiffany is aware that unprotected sex can lead to pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, but she tells her friends that if she became sexually active, she knows nothing bad would happen to her. Elkind would see this as an example of

A) counterfactual thinking. B) a personal fable. C) metacognition. D) the imaginary audience.

A correlation coefficient of 0 indicates what about the relation between two variables?

a. The two variables are directly related. b. The two variables are inversely related. c. The two variables are completely unrelated. d. This coefficient indicates which variable was the "cause" and which the "effect."