According to the text, which phrase can backfire in signaling the end of a speech?
a. for my last point
b. in conclusion
c. finally
d. in the end
b
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Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons a speech should be logically organized?
A. Listeners perceive well-organized speakers to be more credible as compared to poorly organized speakers. B. Since speeches are delivered orally to an audience, speakers should present message in a way that helps listener make sense of the speech as it happens. C. Well-organized speech also helps speaker with confidence and note-taking abilities. D. Speakers who have effective organization get better grades than those who do not.
Which of the following is not one of the three "planes" or philosophies described by Cragan and Shields (1995) in product-related campaigns?
a. innovative (or diffuse) plane b. pragmatic (or practical) plane c. social (or interactive) plane d. righteous (or highly principled) plane