The process by which members of Congress implicitly trade votes is called

In the Bakke case, the Supreme Court ruled that

A. affirmative action programs were allowable in law schools, but not to be utilized in medical schools. B. race cannot be the sole factor in admissions decisions. C. all affirmative action programs were unconstitutional. D. race cannot be considered as a factor at all in making admissions decisions. E. quota systems are constitutional.

In the decades following Andrew Jackson's presidency, primacy in formulating public policy shifted to the

A. Senate. B. Supreme Court. C. House of Representatives. D. voting public. E. president.