__________ refers to prejudice and unfair treatment against men or women based on gender stereotypes

According to Martin and Halverson's gender-schema theory, children learn

a. gender roles through reinforcement and punishment. b. gender-appropriate behavior after achieving gender constancy. c. gender-appropriate behavior by paying attention to experiences and events that are gender-appropriate. d. gender roles through prenatal exposure to sex hormones.

Which of the following is one of the cognitive distortions proposed by Aaron Beck?

a) selective thinking b) low frustration tolerance c) hostility and rage d) self-downing