__________ grew up in Bologna, the child of an artist, and specialized in portraits, such as Portrait of a Noblewoman (fig. 13.31)

Paul Strand's Abstraction, Porch Shadows reflects a twentieth-century effort to challenge the viewer's perspective with

a) odd or distorted perspective. b) high contrast images. c) patterns of light and dark. d) traditional compositions.

Why is casting often referred to as a replacement process?

What will be an ideal response?