An experimenter shows that individuals can be made to experience emotions by direct stimulation of heart activity and respiration. Depending on the pattern of this stimulation, different emotions are experienced. Which theory of emotion would best be supported by the above evidence?

When a grandfather smiles at his young granddaughter, she responds by moving toward him. If he looks angry, she is likely to ________, suggesting that ________

a. also move toward him; she does not know the difference between these expressions b. also move toward him; her behavior is unaffected by emotional expressions c. move away; she can recognize and understand the meaning of these expressions d. move away; her behavior is unaffected by emotional expressions

In the ______________ method for assessing development, differential dropout poses a serious problem

A) cross-sectional B) longitudinal C) self-report D) correlational