The Scared Straight Program was designed to deter juvenile defenders from a life of crime by exposing them to the realities of being incarcerated in prison. Initial evaluations of the program reported that between 80% and 90% of program participants did not commit additional offenses. Later evaluations found:
a. the initial evaluations would have benefited from the use of a control group and random assignment.
b. Program participants were actually more likely to reoffend than were juvenile offenders who did not participate.
c. the program actually reinforced attitudes and behaviors that are associated with criminality.
d. all of the above.
d
Psychology
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A state of tension that occurs when a person simultaneously holds two cognitions that are psychologically inconsistent is called:
a. cognitive dissonance. b. the fundamental attribution error. c. the validity effect. d. deindividuation.
Psychology
Someone who tends to rely on facts and pessimism is an example of what William James calls
A) humanistic. B) tough-minded. C) antisocial. D) objective.
Psychology