Many new timbres can be heard in twentieth?century music, both from traditional

Charles Dickens could describe the suffering of London's poor so vividly and accurately, primarily because he had

a. interviewed many slum residents. b. read stories of the plight of the poor. c. grown up in such conditions. d. seen the condition of the slums in a job as a reporter.

During the period of the four orthodox caliphs, or representatives of Muhammad, music was classed as one of the mulahi or __________

A. "Five Pillars" of Islam B. chief means of worship C. forbidden pleasures D. higher forms of mathematics E. Muhammad's joys