Which of the following results was not obtained in the Worchel et al. chocolate cookie study?

(a) Scarce cookies were rated as more desirable and costly than abundant cookies.
(b) Scarce cookies were rated as better tasting than abundant cookies.
(c) New scarcity produced more desire for the cookies than did long-standing scarcity.
(d) Competition for a newly scare resource produced the most desire for it.
(e) None of the above; they were all obtained.

ANSWER: B