How do bipolar I disorder and bipolar II disorder differ?

John is a young adult. According to Erikson, the major challenge he faces is _______, which will be followed in middle adulthood by the crisis of _______.

a. intimacy vs. isolation; generativity vs. stagnation b. intimacy vs. isolation; integrity vs. despair c. identity vs. role confusion; integrity vs. despair d. identity vs. role confusion; initiative vs. guilt

We cannot conclude that observed racial differences in test scores are caused by

hereditary factors because a. people of different races have different genetic backgrounds. b. testing conditions and experience taking tests can never be identical. c. environmental differences may affect people's scores. d. differences in test scores are not synonymous with racial differences. e. between-group variation tends to be greater than within-group variation.