Your posture should always call attention to itself

Which of the following is a true statement?

a) Adolph Ochs saw himself as a vendor of information; b) Joseph Pulitzer saw himself as a public defender; c) William Randolph Hearst saw himself as a minstrel and sage, ethical guide, social coach, educator; d) a and c; e) all of the above

The communicative pattern involving a negative evaluation or an overt dismissal of th person or the person's messages is called .

Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).