Since the early 1990s, the net income of savings and loan associations has ________

One of the advantages of test marketing is the ________

A) low cost B) ability to keep information from falling into competitors' hands C) opportunity to survey prospective customers D) ability to evaluate a product and its marketing program before commercialization E) opportunity to sell existing products to a core customer base

Cadbury plc is a global confectionery company. Cadbury is forecasting its financial statements for Year 9. Selected financial information for Years 7 and 8 is provided in the table. What is Retained Earnings for Year 9?

Selected Financial Information Cadbury plc (£ millions) Year 8 Ratios (to Sales) Forecast Revenue £5,802 £6,962 COGS 3,300 0.568769 SG&A 1,490 0.256808 Dep. Exp. 196 312 EBIT 816 Int. Exp. 153 77 EBT 663 Provision for Income taxes 30 0.045* Net Income £633 Dividends £315 Retained Earnings £2,498 Shareholder's Equity £3,534 *Tax rate is a proportion of Earnings before Taxes. A) £2,917 B) £3,268 C) £4,007 D) £5,307 E) £5,885