In the nine-dot problem discussed in your textbook, the rules do not specify that the lines cannot extend beyond the dots, however most people try to find a solution that follows this non-existent rule anyway. This is an example of:
A) the anchoring effect.
B) belief perseverance
C) a goal state
D) a self-imposed cognitive obstacle.
Answer: D
Rationale: Some of the simplest (and maybe most frustrating) forms of cognitive obstacles are not due to the nature of the problem, but are self-imposed. This occurs in the nine-dot problem when most people impose limitations on where the lines can go, even though those limits are not a part of the rules.
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Which of the following is a hypothesis discussed in your textbook to explain the relative satisfaction maximizers tend to get from their decisions compared to satisficers?
A) Maximizers invest more in their decisions, so they expect more from the outcomes. B) Maximizers are natural optimists, so they always see the best in everything. C) Maximizers tend to display belief perseverance, and ignore evidence that conflicts with their expectations. D) Maximizers prefer to have fewer choices, which makes it unlikely that the final choice will be "just right."
The familytherapyapproach that involves observinga family's interactions and drawing
simple diagrams of those interactions is called __________ therapy. a. couples b. unitary family c. dynamic family restructuring d. structural family e. visual analog