Planning and adapting to a complex, changing environment is the major focus of a(n) _____ approach to the study of retailing

Manufacturers use each of the following arguments against paying slotting fees, except:

A) they are a form of extortion B) the fees favor new companies C) manufacturers are forced to pay millions of dollars that could be used for advertising, sales promotions, and other marketing efforts D) the fees favor large manufacturers over small manufacturers

Which of the following statements about withdrawals from Section 401(k) plans is (are) true? I. The penalty tax does not apply to hardship withdrawals. II. Withdrawals may be made without penalty at age 59.5 or older

A) I only B) II only C) both I and II D) neither I nor II